Buzzy BasicsOkay, actually, that's a pot as in potentiometer. Nyuk, nyuk. Anyway, let have some fun here!

• Connect pot to analog in pin

• Analog pins don't require pinMode -- they are fixed

• analog read pins are on a separate set up pins

• analogue write pins (PWM pins) are on 9, 10, and 11

• analogWrite takes a pin and a value (but the value must be between 0 and 255)

Knight LightsNow let's put some of this stuff together into a new circuit. You'll need four LEDs, four 220 ohm or 470 ohm resistors, one 1K ohm resistor, a push button, and a bunch of wires.

Hook four wires into the Arduino's digital outputs (check the code to see which ones.) Connect the smaller resistors to each of those wires, then connect an LED to each resistor with its short leg to ground. Be sure to hook up the 5V and GND lines between your Arduino and breadboard.

• Math
• max, min, contrain, randomSeed, random

• Time
• delay
• important for adding pauses

Arduino Hooked UpNow we'll run the knight_rider_1 tutorial. Open up the files in the zip archive. All you need for this is to plug in the Arduino to your computer.

Once the board is plugged in, hit reset on the board, then click the Upload to I/O icon on the Arduino interface. Once that's done, click the Serial Monitor icon to see the numbers move up and down. Now you're talking (to the Arduino!)

• pinMode
• takes the pin to be determined
• takes the mode -> in or out
• MUST do this for most pins. Forgetting this will get you in trouble

• if/else
• simple branching

• switch case
• more complicate branching
• for multiple cases